Health Insurance
(Krankenversicherung) Explained
New to Germany? Health insurance is mandatory for everyone. Here's what you need to know about the German healthcare system.
English guide • Understand GKV vs PKV • Find the right coverage for your situation
⚠️ Important: Health Insurance is Mandatory!
In Germany, everyone must have health insurance. If you move to Germany without coverage, you may face issues with Anmeldung (address registration), opening a bank account, and getting a residence permit. Get health insurance as soon as possible!
💡 Tip for Newcomers
Germany has two types of health insurance: GKV (public/statutory - Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung) and PKV (private - Private Krankenversicherung). Most employees go into GKV automatically. Self-employed and freelancers can choose between both systems.
Understanding the German Healthcare System
GKV (Public)
Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung
Popular providers: TK, AOK, Barmer, DAK
PKV (Private)
Private Krankenversicherung
Examples: Allianz, AXA, DKV, Signal Iduna
Key German Terms You'll See
Which Insurance is Right for You?
Your status in Germany determines your options
Employees
Working for a German company
Employer registers you. Can switch to PKV if earning €69,300+/year
Self-Employed / Freelancers
Running your own business
You choose and pay the full premium yourself
Students
Enrolled at a German university
Reduced rates ~€110/month until age 30 or 14 semesters
Family Members
Non-working spouse, children
Covered under working family member's GKV policy
EU Citizens
Coming from EU/EEA countries
EHIC covers emergencies, need German insurance for long stays
Unemployed
Receiving unemployment benefits
Agentur für Arbeit pays your GKV contribution
Explore Insurance Options
Find information about different types of health coverage in Germany
Important Legal Information
Important Legal Information
Health insurance in Germany is regulated by law (SGB V and VAG). This website provides general information to help newcomers understand the German healthcare system. It does not constitute insurance advice.
For personalized recommendations based on your specific situation, consult with insurance providers or a licensed insurance advisor (Versicherungsmakler). All information is provided for educational purposes.
Common Questions from Newcomers
What expats and new residents often ask about health insurance in Germany
Is health insurance mandatory in Germany?
Yes! Health insurance (Krankenversicherung) is mandatory for everyone living in Germany. This includes employees, self-employed, students, and even unemployed persons. You must have coverage from day one of your residence.
What is the difference between GKV and PKV?
GKV (Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung) is the public/statutory health insurance - available to most employees and based on income. PKV (Private Krankenversicherung) is private insurance - available to self-employed, freelancers, civil servants, and high-earners above €69,300/year (2024). GKV premiums are income-based, PKV premiums are based on age and health at entry.
Which health insurance can I get as a newcomer?
It depends on your situation: Employees typically join GKV (public insurance). Self-employed and freelancers can choose between GKV or PKV. Students have special student insurance options. EU citizens may use their EHIC temporarily but need German insurance for longer stays.
Do I need a Schufa score for health insurance?
No! Health insurance in Germany does not require a Schufa check. This is one less thing to worry about as a newcomer. However, private insurance (PKV) may ask about your health history during application.
How much does health insurance cost in Germany?
GKV (public): About 14.6% of income + supplementary contribution, split between employee and employer (so you pay ~7-8%). For 2024, maximum contribution is about €400-500/month for high earners. PKV (private): Varies based on age, health, and coverage chosen. Students pay reduced rates around €100-120/month.
Can I apply for health insurance in English?
Some larger insurance providers (Krankenkassen) offer English-speaking support and application processes. Public insurers like TK (Techniker Krankenkasse), AOK, and Barmer often have English service options. Private insurers may also offer English consultations.
Other Guides for Newcomers
Need Help Understanding Health Insurance?
Choosing the right health insurance in Germany can be confusing. Explore the options above or contact insurance providers directly for personalized guidance.